Q1. Which water resource project provides and extends benefits to Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan?
Hirakud Dam Project
Sardar Sarovar Dam Project
Bhakra-Nangal Dam Project
Tehri Dam Project
Correct Option: (B) Sardar Sarovar Dam Project
The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a concrete gravity dam built on the Narmada river in Navagam near Kevadiya, Narmada District , Gujarat in India. Four Indian states, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan, receive water and electricity supply from the dam.
Topic to focus: Important Dams in India
Q2. Which pair of extremely located Indian cities is connected by the East-West corridor?
SIlchar Porbandar
Mumbai Shillong
Nagpur Siliguri
Mumbai Kolkata
Correct Option: (A) Silchar – Porbandar
East-West Corridor is a 3,300 kilometres (2,100 mi) corridor via NH 27 (Porbandar–Rajkot-Samakhiali–Radhanpur–Kota–Jhansi–Kanpur-Lucknow–Ayodhya-Gorakhpur-Muzaffarpur–Darbhanga-Supaul-Purnia– Dalkhola-Kishanganj, Islampur–Sonapur- Ghoshpukur-Jalpaiguri Alipurduar- Bongaigaon – Nalbari Bijni–Guwahati–Nagaon–Dabaka–Silchar).
Topic to focus: Important Road, Rail & Infrastructure projects in India
Q33. The maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a given environment is called
Carrying capacity
Population size
Biotic potential
Environment Resistance
Correct Option: (A) Carrying capacity
The carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population size of a biological species that can be sustained by that specific environment, given the food, habitat, water, and other resources available. The carrying capacity is defined as the environment’s maximal load, which in population ecology corresponds to the population equilibrium, when the number of deaths in a population equals the number of births (as well as immigration and emigration).
Topic to focus: Important Terminology in Ecology/Geography
Q34. Plants growing under direct sunlight are known as heliophytes. What do we call plants growing under shades?
Psammophytes
Sciophytes
Monocots
Dicots
Correct Option: (B) Sciophytes
Sciophytes are plants that last or thrive best at low light intensity. These plants have larger photosynthetic units than solar plants or heliophytes.
Sciophytes are shade-loving trees and plants. These plants have larger photosynthetic units than solar plants or heliophytes. Sciophytes are also known as photophobic plants and reach their saturation level in only 20% sunlight.
Shade-plants essentially follow strategies for the optimum use of available energy and energy conservation.
Topic to focus: Biodiversity – Plants/Animal types
Q35. Which among the following protocols/conventions is dedicated for protecting biodiversity from potential risks caused by Living Modified Organisms?
Cartagena Protocol
Nagoya Protocol
Bonn Convention
Vienna Convention
Correct Option: (A) Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety is a legally binding global protocol that seeks to contribute to ensuring the safe transfer, handling and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) created through modern biotechnology.
Topic to focus: Important Conventions/Conference related to Environment issues
Q36. Which among the following types is a non-material pollution?
Air pollution
Water pollution
Thermal pollution
Soil pollution
Correct Option: (C) Thermal Pollution.
The Non-material Pollutions are of following types:
(i) Radiation Pollution.
(ii) Noise Pollution.
(iii) Thermal Pollution.
Topic to focus: Pollution types
Q38. Match the following persons and their activities in the field of environmental conservation and development:
List 1: List 2
Medha Patkar 1. Centre for Science and Environment
M.S Swaminathan 2. Narmada Bachao Andolan
Anil Agarwal 3. Ornithology and Conservation
Salim Ali 4. Rice Research and Biodiversity conservation.
a:2, b:4, c:1, d:3
a:2, b:1, c:3, d:4
a:2, b:4, c:3, d:1
a:3, b:1, c:4, d:2
Correct Option: (A) a 2, b 4, c 1, d 3
Medha Patkar, (born December 1, 1954, Bombay [now Mumbai], Maharashtra state, India), Indian social activist known chiefly for her work with people displaced by the Narmada Valley Development Project (NVDP), a large-scale plan to dam the Narmada River and its tributaries in the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Maharashtra.
Founder Anil Agarwal – Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) is a not-for-profit public interest research and advocacy organisation based in New Delhi, India. Established in 1980, CSE works as a think tank on environment-development issues in India, poor planning, climate shifts devastating India’s Sundarbans and advocates for policy changes and better implementation of the already existing policies.
Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan (born 7 August 1925) is an Indian geneticist and administrator, known for his role in India’s Green Revolution. Swaminathan has been called the Father of Green Revolution in India for his role in introducing and further developing high-yielding varieties of wheat in India. He is the founder of the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation.
Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali was an Indian ornithologist and naturalist. Sometimes referred to as the “Birdman of India”.
Topic to focus: Important Personalities related to Environment protection/conservation
Q39. All species of Lemur are endemic to
New Caledonia
Seychelles Islands
Galapagos Islands
Madagascar
Correct Option: (D) Madagascar
Lemurs are mammals of the order Primates, divided into 8 families and consisting of 15 genera and around 100 existing species. They are native only to the island of Madagascar.
Topic to focus: Species specific to regions
Q41. Among the marine ecosystems, the most species rich ecosystem is
Mangrove
Coral Reefs
Open Water
None of the Above
Correct Option: (B) Coral reefs
Topic to focus: Ecosytems
Q42. Biodiversity hotspots are among the richest and the most important ecosystems in the world. How many such hotspots are present in the world?
25
34
36
42
Correct Option: (C) 36
A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation.
To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot on Myers 2000 edition of the hotspot-map, a region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 0.5% or 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics, and it has to have lost at least 75% of its primary vegetation.[6] Around the world, 36 areas qualify under this definition.
Topic to focus: Biodiversity Hotspots & biodiversity conservation measures
Q57. The much-discussed Line of Actual Control is a disputed borderline between
India and China
China and Pakistan
India and Pakistan
China and Nepal
Correct Option: (A) India and China
Topic to focus: Important boundaries – Political Geography
Q58. The Paris Agreement of the UNFCCC is to limit the global warming well below
1 degree celsius
2 degree celsius
2.5 degree celsius
3 degree celsius
Correct Option: (B) 2 oC degree
The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change. It was adopted by 196 Parties at COP 21 in Paris, on 12 December 2015 and entered into force on 4 November 2016. Its goal is to limit global warming to well below 2, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.
Topic to focus: Important Conventions/Conference related to Environment issues
Q61. Sittwe Port in Myanmar which is being financed by India, is a part of which project
Kaladan Multi-modal Transit Transport Project
Sagarmala Project
Prayagraj-Haldia Inland waterway project
Talcher-Dhamra Inland Waterway Project
Correct Option: (A) Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project
The Kaladan Road Project is a US$484 million project connecting the eastern Indian seaport of Kolkata with Sittwe seaport in Rakhine State, Myanmar by sea. In Myanmar, it will then link Sittwe seaport to Paletwa in Chin State via the Kaladan river boat route, and then from Paletwa by road to Mizoram state in Northeast India.
Topic to focus: Current Affairs Topics w.r.t. Geography
Q93. The largest landlocked country in the world is
Republic of Congo
Mongolia
Bolivia
Kazakhstan
Correct Option: (D) Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is the world’s largest landlocked country. A landlocked country is a country that has no direct access to the ocean.
Topic to focus: Countries/States facts
Q94. Find out which of the following pairs is/are correct:
Khamti: Arunachal Pradesh
Ao: Nagaland
Melacheri: Lakshadweep
Only 1
Only 2
1 and 2
All are correct
Correct Option: (D) All of the above
Topic to focus: States and native Tribes
Q95. Which country is the largest archipelago country in the world?
Philippines
Indonesia
Maldives
Malaysia
Correct Option: (B) Indonesia
Indonesia is made up of 17,508 islands of which about 6,000 islands inhabited by people. As the largest archipelago in the world, its territory covers an area of 1,919,440 square kilometers (735 355 square miles) and has one of the widest among the 16 countries in the world and is also the fourth most populous country with about 230 million inhabitants. The country has over 150 active volcanoes, including Krakatoa and Tambora.
Topic to focus: Countries/States facts
Q96. Which of the following rivers has the largest river basin in the Indian subcontinent?
Most of the Indus Basin lies in India and Pakistan, and only about 13 percent of its total catchment is in Tibet and Afghanistan.
So, Indus basin within Indian subcontinent = 10,13,985 Sq.km.
https://ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/kegy103.pdf
The Indus System is one of the largest river basins of the world, covering an area of 11,65,000 sq. km (in India it is 321, 289 sq. km and a total length of 2,880
The Ganga basin extends over an area of 10,86,000km2.
The drainage area lying in India is 862,769 km2. 140,000 km2 (54,000 sq mi) in Nepal (13%), 46,000 km2 (18,000 sq mi) in Bangladesh (4%), and 33,000 km2 (13,000 sq mi) in China (3%)
Source: International Watercourses Law for the 21st Century: The Case of the River Ganges Basin Front Cover Sūryaprasāda Suvedī, Surya P. Subedi
So, Even if we deduct Basin area in China, 10,86,000-13000=10,73,000km2 in Indian subcontinent.
Topic to focus: Important Rivers
Q97. The boundary demarcation between India and Pakistan came into force on 17th August 1947. Which line divides the two countries?
Durand Line
Radcliffe Line
McMohan Line
Gilbert Line
Correct Option: (B) Radcliffe Line
The boundary demarcation line between India and Pakistan known as the Radcliffe Line came into force on 17 August 1947. The Radcliffe line is spread through the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat to the international border in Jammu in Jammu & Kashmir, dividing India and Pakistan into two different countries.
Topic to focus: Important boundaries – Political Geography
Q98. The islands of Seychelles are located in the
Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Correct Option: (C) Indian Ocean
Seychelles is located in the Somali Sea segment of the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar.
Topic to focus: Countries/States facts
Q100. According to the most authentic geographical studies, when did life begin on earth?
4.2 million years ago
4.6 billion years ago
3.8 million years ago
3.8 billion years ago
Correct Option: (D) 3.8 billion
Earth formed around 4.54 billion years ago. The earth’s oceans were formed within 500 million years from the formation of the earth. Sometime around 3,800 million years ago, life began to evolve.
Topic to focus: Earth’s physical geography
GEOGRAPHY Assam
Q4. Which among the following cities is known as the Tea City of India?
Darjeeling
Dibrugarh
Siliguri
Nainital
Correct Option: (B) Dibrugarh
Dibrugarh is the largest tea exporting town in India. Nestled on the banks of the river Brahmaputra, Dibrugarh is the entry point to the districts of Tinsukia, Dibrugarh and Jorhat which produce tea in abundance. Around 50% of the total tea produced in Assam come from these three districts. Dibrugarh is aptly called the ‘Tea City of India’. The town and its nearby places are a home to Oil and Timber industries. The aroma of the tea gardens and the mesmerizing views of the Himalayas make the town a must-see destination. Take a stroll in the tea gardens and sip one of the finest tea in the world. Take some packets of the tea back home. Every time you have this tea you will relive your memories of Dibrugarh. The town got its name from Dibarumukh. ‘Dibaru’ is the name of a river and ‘mukh’ means mouth.
Topic to focus: Economic Centers of Assam
Q22. The four districts under the Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC) are
Kokrajhar, Barpeta, Chirang and Baksa
Kokrajhar, Baksa, Chirang and Udalguri
Kokrajhar, Baksa, Sonitpur and Udalguri
Baksa, Chirang, Udalguri and Nalbari
Correct Option: (B) Kokrajhar, Baksa, Chirang and Udalguri
The BTC consists of four contiguous districts — Kokrajhar, Baksa, Udalguri and Chirang — carved out of seven existing districts — Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamrup, Darrang and Sonitpur — an area of 8970 km2 comprising various protected tribal belts and blocks in Assam. Its establishment was under theass Amended Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India.
Topic to focus: Political Geography of Assam
Q37. The two UNESCO World Heritage sites in Assam are
Nameri National Park and Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
Kaziranga National Park and Manas National Park
Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park and Hollongabar Gibbon WLS
Deepor Beel WLS and Dibru-Saikhowa National park
Correct Option: (B) Kaziranga NP and Manas NP
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India
India now has 35 sites, including 27 cultural properties, seven natural sites and one mixed site, notified as World Heritage Sites.
UNESCO World Heritage Natural Sites in India
28.
Kaziranga National Park (1985)
Assam
29
Manas Wild Life Sanctuary (1985)
Assam
30.
Keoladeo National Park (1985)
Rajasthan
31.
Sunderban National Park (1987)
West Bengal
32.
Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (1988, 2005)
Uttarakhand
33.
Western Ghats (2012)
Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra,Tamil Nadu
34.
Great Himalayan National Park (2014)
Himachal Pradesh
35.
Khangchendzonga National Park (KNP) (2016)* [Mixed site]
Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the state of Assam in India. This wildlife sanctuary covers 175 km2. It is located along the foothills of the Great Himalayan Range. The area was declared as a sanctuary in 1998.
Topic to focus: Biodiversity conservation in Assam – National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries etc.
Q1. Which of the following protected site was declared a World Heritage Site in December 1985 by UNESCO and it was removed from the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2011?
Kaziranga National Park
Orang National Park
Raimona National Park
Manas National Park
Manas National Park
Q2. In which year Kaziranga National Park was given official status of National Park by the central government?
1951
1974
1999
2006
1974
In 1954, the government of Assam passed the Assam (Rhinoceros) Bill, which imposed heavy penalties for rhinoceros poaching. Fourteen years later, in 1968, the state government passed the Assam National Park Act of 1968, declaring Kaziranga a designated national park. The 430 km2 park was given official status by the central government on 11 February 1974. In 1985, Kaziranga was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO for its unique natural environment. Kaziranga National Park was declared a Tiger Reserve in 2006.
Q3. Kaziranga National Park hosts around ______ of the world’s one-horned rhinoceroses?
Half
90 per cent
Two-thirds
100 per cent
Two-thirds
Kaziranga National Park is a national park in the Golaghat and Nagaon districts of the state of Assam, India. The park, which hosts two-thirds of the world’s great one-horned rhinoceroses, is a World Heritage Site.
Q4. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about Kaziranga National Park?
It is a declared UNESCO World Heritage Site
It is a declared Tiger Reserve.
It is recognized as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International for conservation of avifaunal species.
It is declared as an Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Govt of India
It is declared as an Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Govt of India
Q5. Assam has what per cent of it’s total geographical area under the Seven national parks in the state?
1.88%
2.51%
21.68%
23.45%
2.51%
Assam protected areas includes Seven national parks (2.51% of Assam‘s area), 16 wildlife sanctuaries (1.88% of Assam’s area), and two proposed wildlife sanctuaries.
Q6. Which state has the maximum no. of National Parks?
Madhya Pradesh
Assam
Kerala
Uttarakhand
Madhya Pradesh
Q7. Which National Park forms the core area of Chirang Ripu Elephant Reserve?
Kaziranga National Park
Manas National Park
Nameri National Park
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
Manas National Park
Q8. Which of the two National Parks are declared as National Parks in 2021?
Dehing Patkai National Park and Orang National Park
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park and Dehing Patkai National Park
Raimona National Park and Dehing Patkai National Park
Dehing Patkai National Park and Orang National Park
Raimona National Park and Dehing Patkai National Park
Q9. Which state has the largest population of wild water buffalo in the world?
Bihar
West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Assam
Q10. Which of the following protected areas in Assam is known for Bengal florican?