Forty-fourth Constitution Amendment Act, 1978
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- Restored the original term of the Lok Sabha and the state legislative assemblies.
- Restored the provisions with regard to the quorum in the Parliament and state legislatures.
- Omitted the reference to the British House of Commons in the provisions pertaining to parliamentary privileges.
- Gave constitutional protection to publication in a newspaper of true reports of the proceedings of the Parliament and the state legislatures.
- Empowered the president to send back once the advice of the cabinet for reconsideration. But, the reconsidered advice is to be binding on the president.
- Deleted the provision which made the satisfaction of the president, governor, and administrators final in issuing ordinances.
- Restored some of the powers of the Supreme Court and high courts.
- Replaced the term ‘internal disturbance’ by ‘armed rebellion’ in respect of national emergency.
- Made the President declare a national emergency only on the written recommendation of the cabinet.
- Made certain procedural safeguards with respect to a national emergency and President’s rule.
- Deleted the right to property from the list of Fundamental Rights and made it only a legal right.
- Provided that the fundamental rights guaranteed by Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended during a national emergency.
- Omitted the provisions which took away the power of the court to decide the election disputes of the president, the vice-president, the prime minister and the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
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